A Structural Equation Modeling Approach for Sustainable Institutional Decision Support: A Case Study in a Philippine Countryside University

Abstract

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a global framework for advancing sustainability across social, economic, environmental, and institutional dimensions. Higher education institutions play a critical role in promoting sustainability through teaching, research, campus operations, and community engagement. This study assessed SDG awareness and sustainability integration among teaching and non-teaching personnel at Romblon State University and examined the relationships among teaching-learning application or office operations, engagement with SDG-related activities, campus environment integration, and research and development. Using a descriptive-quantitative design, data from 140 respondents were analyzed through descriptive statistics and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results revealed that SDG awareness was generally high, with engagement in sustainability-related activities rated very high. SDG 4 (Quality Education) and SDG 5 (Gender Equality) were the most visible goals. However, key barriers included limited awareness, insufficient resources, weak collaboration, and policy implementation challenges. SEM findings indicated that research and development strongly influenced campus sustainability integration. The study highlights the need for stronger sustainability mainstreaming, enhanced research productivity, inclusive participation, and sustained institutional support to improve SDG implementation in higher education.